Effects of weight loss during a very low carbohydrate diet on specific adipose tissue depots and insulin sensitivity in older adults with obesity: a randomized clinical trial

Table 2 Baseline and 8-week body composition and fat distribution outcomes by diet group

	LFD		VLCD		P for diet	P for diet adjusted for change in total fat
	Week 0	Week 8	Week 0	Week 8
Weight (kg)	96.8 ± 30.9	95.9 ± 28.4	93.7 ± 15.1	87.8 ± 12.5***	< 0.001	0.41
Total fat (kg)	40.3 ± 7.5	39.5 ± 7.5*	42.4 ± 9.6	38.3 ± 10.9***	< 0.001	–
VAT (kg)	1.8 ± 0.8	1.7 ± 0.8	2.2 ± 1.0	1.7 ± 0.7***	< 0.01	.99
VAT (cm³)	2077.6 ± 1038	2145.4 ± 1056.8	2613.6 ± 943.5	2249.2 ± 778.2**	0.01	0.58
SAAT (cm³)	5496.8 ± 2049	5116.8 ± 2117.3	5481.1 ± 2499.3	4340.9 ± 1626**	0.05	0.15
Thigh SAT (cm³)	349.6 ± 225.5	346.2 ± 216.1	317.2 ± 199.7	289.6 ± 186.4**	0.08	0.91
Thigh PMAT (cm³)	36.2 ± 16.2	36.4 ± 18.3	33.8 ± 11.3	30.9 ± 13.8	0.13	0.46
Thigh IMAT (cm³)	15.1 ± 6.6	15.7 ± 8.7	20.9 ± 13.4	15.8 ± 9.9***	< 0.01	0.02
Thigh SM (cm³)	345.9 ± 78.8	339.4 ± 76.3	366.5 ± 95.2	354.3 ± 84.9	0.67	0.02
Total lean (kg)	47.3 ± 7.2	48.0 ± 6.9	50.3 ± 1.2	48.8 ± 1.2**	0.01	0.07

Data presented as mean ± SD
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 for paired t-test; P for effect of diet, results from ANCOVA (8-week outcome adjusted for baseline); P for the effect of diet, results from ANCOVA (8-week outcome adjusted for baseline and change in fat mass); VAT visceral adipose tissue, SAAT subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, IMAT intermuscular adipose tissue, PMAT perimuscular adipose tissue, SAT subcutaneous adipose tissue, SM skeletal muscle

ISSN: 1743-7075