|
Characteristics
|
Mean ± SD or N (%)
|
p value
|
|---|
|
Controls (n = 95)
|
Cases (n = 82)
|
|---|
|
Age (years)
|
48.33 ± 10.74
|
51.36 ± 11.81
|
0.07
|
|
Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2)
|
24.96 ± 2.71
|
26.36 ± 5.12
|
0.02
|
|
Dietary antioxidant Index (DAI)
|
0.17 ± 1.18
|
− 0.21 ± 0.68
|
< 0.01
|
|
TAC (mmol/l)
|
1.91 ± 1.27
|
1.16 ± 1.26
|
< 0.01
|
|
MDA (μmol/l)
|
3.01 ± 1.68
|
3.72 ± 2.19
|
< 0.01
|
|
Sex
| | |
0.98
|
|
Females
|
52 (54.74)
|
45 (54.88)
| |
|
Males
|
43 (45.26)
|
37 (45.12)
| |
|
Education
| | |
0.24
|
|
Diploma or less
|
67 (70.53)
|
51 (62.20)
| |
|
Higher than diploma
|
28 (29.47)
|
31 (37.80)
| |
|
Smoking
| | |
0.82
|
|
Never smoker
|
80 (84.21)
|
68 (82.93)
| |
|
Ever smoker
|
15 (15.79)
|
14 (17.07)
| |
|
Alcohol
| | |
0.41
|
|
Non drinker
|
86 (90.53)
|
71 (86.59)
| |
|
Drinker
|
9 (9.47)
|
11 (13.41)
| |
|
H. pylori infection
| | |
< 0.01
|
|
Negative
|
46 (48.42)
|
21 (25.61)
| |
|
Positive
|
49 (51.57)
|
61 (74.39)
| |
|
Regular physical activity
| | |
0.03
|
|
Yes
|
30 (31.58)
|
14 (17.07)
| |
|
No
|
65 (68.42)
|
68 (82.93)
| |
|
Aspirin/NSAID use
| | |
0.83
|
|
No
|
86 (90.53)
|
75 (91.46)
| |
|
Yes
|
9 (9.47)
|
7 (8.54)
| |
|
Cancer history
| | |
0.41
|
|
Yes
|
11 (11.58)
|
13 (15.85)
| |
|
No
|
84 (88.42)
|
69 (84.15)
| |
- TAC total antioxidant capacity, mmol/l millimoles per liter, MDA malondialdehyde, μmol/l micromoles per liter
- aComparison of mean of case and control groups in case of a normal distribution of variables by the t-test and abnormal distribution of variables by the Mann–Whitney test
- bChi-square was used for categorical variables
