Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants across SUA quartiles (n = 4,546)
Characteristics | SUA (mg/dL) | P-value* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | ||
(< 3.5) | (3.6–4.2) | (4.3–5.0) | (> 5.1) | |||
Men, n (%) | 2099 (46.2%) | 251 (21.5%) | 420 (37.1%) | 633 (55.0%) | 795 (72.4%) | < 0.001 |
Education level, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Illiterate | 1310 (28.8%) | 428 (36.7%) | 364 (32.1%) | 310 (27.0%) | 208 (18.9%) | |
Primary school | 1882 (41.4%) | 438 (37.6%) | 468 (41.3%) | 459 (39.9%) | 517 (47.1%) | |
Middle school or above | 1354 (29.8%) | 299 (25.7%) | 301 (18.4%) | 381 (33.1%) | 373 (34.0%) | |
Urban residence, n (%) | 626 (13.8%) | 135 (11.6%) | 145 (12.8%) | 160 (13.9%) | 186 (16.9%) | 0.002 |
Smoking status, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Current | 1388 (30.5%) | 220 (18.9%) | 292 (25.8%) | 410 (35.7%) | 466 (42.4%) | |
Former | 359 (7.9%) | 47 (4.0%) | 67 (5.9%) | 92 (8.0%) | 153 (13.9%) | |
Never | 2799 (61.6%) | 898 (77.1%) | 774 (68.3%) | 648 (56.3%) | 479 (43.6%) | |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
Current | 1202 (26.4%) | 170 (14.6%) | 239 (21.1%) | 328 (28.5%) | 465 (42.3%) | |
Former | 368 (8.1%) | 77 (6.6%) | 94 (8.3%) | 109 (9.5%) | 88 (8.0%) | |
Never | 2976 (65.5%) | 918 (78.8%) | 800 (70.6%) | 713 (62.0%) | 545 (49.6%) | |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1171 (25.8%) | 224 (19.2%) | 255 (22.5%) | 319 (27.7%) | 373 (34.0%) | < 0.001 |
Prevalent diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 671 (14.8%) | 169 (14.5%) | 151 (13.3%) | 182 (15.8%) | 169 (15.4%) | 0.348 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 1879 (41.3%) | 392 (33.6%) | 440 (38.8%) | 525 (45.7%) | 522 (47.5%) | < 0.001 |
Age, mean (SD), yrs | 58.57 (8.67) | 57.28 (8.48) | 58.26 (8.40) | 58.96 (8.75) | 59.84 (8.85) | < 0.001 |
BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 23.52 (3.83) | 23.11 (3.50) | 23.40 (3.93) | 23.67 (3.79) | 23.94 (4.04) | < 0.001 |
Systolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 129.10 (21.12) | 125.91 (19.62) | 127.53 (20.32) | 130.25 (22.77) | 132.93 (21.00) | < 0.001 |
Diastolic BP, mean (SD), mmHg | 75.31 (11.90) | 73.64 (11.05) | 74.80 (11.84) | 75.90 (12.31) | 77.01 (12.12) | < 0.001 |
Triglycerides, mean (SD), mg/dL | 127.80 (91.54) | 113.80 (75.23) | 121.47 (83.24) | 129.72 (93.76) | 147.15 (108.29) | < 0.001 |
Total cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 194.14 (37.34) | 189.61 (35.93) | 192.91 (36.92) | 196.06 (38.28) | 198.22 (37.71) | < 0.001 |
HDL Cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 51.58 (15.18) | 52.95 (14.23) | 52.03 (14.67) | 51.26 (15.88) | 50.01 (15.76) | < 0.001 |
LDL Cholesterol, mean (SD), mg/dL | 117.41 (34.35) | 115.58 (32.06) | 117.34 (32.96) | 118.83 (35.08) | 117.93 (37.16) | 0.135 |
Fasting glucose, mean (SD), mg/dL | 108.76 (32.34) | 110.33 (40.72) | 108.00 (33.38) | 108.18 (27.66) | 108.46 (24.90) | 0.280 |
SCr, mean (SD), mg/dL | 0.76 (0.16) | 0.66 (0.12) | 0.72 (0.13) | 0.78 (0.14) | 0.87 (0.15) | < 0.001 |
eGFR, mean (SD), mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 94.15 (12.53) | 99.57 (10.83) | 95.82 (11.16) | 92.77 (12.47) | 88.14 (12.74) | < 0.001 |