Fig. 5

Effects of quinoa on the hepatic gene expression profile at the mRNA level in rats fed a high-fat diet. A Heatmap analysis; B GO analysis and clustering analysis; C Verification of partial gene mRNA expression levels using qRT-PCR. NC: normal chow diet control group (n = 7); HF: a high-fat diet group (n = 7); HF + LQ: low-dose quinoa diet group (n = 7); HF + HQ: a high-dose quinoa diet group (n = 7). The rats in the NC group were fed a standard diet, and those in the other groups were fed a HF diet. Simultaneously, low-dose quinoa feed (HF + LQ) was added to 9% quinoa (equivalent to 100 g of daily human intake), and high-dose quinoa feed (HF + HQ) was added to 27% quinoa (equivalent to 300 g of daily human intake)