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Fig. 4 | Nutrition & Metabolism

Fig. 4

From: The combination of endurance exercise and SGTC (Salvia–Ginseng–Trigonella–Cinnamon) ameliorate mitochondrial markers’ overexpression with sufficient ATP production in the skeletal muscle of mice fed AGEs-rich high-fat diet

Fig. 4

Mitochondrial markers in T2DM versus healthy condition. An upregulation was observed in most of the mitochondrial master regulators and subunit components in the skeletal muscle of diabetic mice (T2DM) compared to normal controls (NDC). The relative expression of Cpt2, a β-oxidation marker, in NDC and T2DM (A). Mitochondrial biogenesis master regulators in the mRNA (B) and protein level (C) in T2DM compared to NDC. The relative expression of some of the ETC subunits (D). No significant change was observed in Atp5a relative expression (E) and ATP level of skeletal muscle cells (F) among T2DM and NDC groups. All values are presented as mean ± SEM. α: statistical significant with NDC group (p value < 0.05). ns Not significant (p value \(\ge\) 0.05)

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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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