Table 2 Changes in calorie, macronutrients and micronutrients, and dietary fiber throughout the study

Energy (Kcal/d)

 Baseline

1898.33 ± 207.27

1934.88 ± 287.93

36 (−436.1 to 300.8), 0.856^**

 End

1667.06 ± 200.58)

1721.60 ± 293.34)

54 (−145.1 to 35.68), 0.237^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

−231.71 (−567.9 to −18.6), 0.093

−213.40 (−447.40 to 15.9), 0.098

Carbohydrates (g)

 Baseline

324.43 ± 45.94

323.69 ± 46.40

0.80 (−115.25, 99.78), 0.933^**

 End

262.02 ± 55.31

282.68 ± 55.22

20.92 (−57.31, 10.36), 0.187^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

−66.39 (−154.1, 21.6), 0.154

−41.25 (−113.34, 31.12), 0.672

Protein (g)

 Baseline

62.90 ± 21.25

63.79 ± 20.46

−0.89 (−8.21, 6.33), 0.816^**

 End

69.21 ± 18.33

68.52 ± 18.21

0.68 (−5.3, 7.14), 0.836^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

6.32 (2.44, 10.21), 0.002

4.71 (1.21, 7.72), 0.013

Fat (g)

 Baseline

64.72 ± 23.01

66.80 ± 21.49

−2.01 (−10.03, 6.59), 0.613^**

 End

67.18 ± 24.03

70.30 ± 26.02

3.12 (−12.23, 5.20), 0.501^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

2.45 (−4.1, 8.33), 0.471

3.50 (−3.12, 10.31), 0.342

Dietary fiber (g)

 Baseline

18.91 ± 7.70

19.83 ± 7.09

−0.91 (−3.2, 2.12), 0.503^**

 End

20.37 ± 9.85

20.87 ± 9.89

−0.49 (−4.12, 3.35), 0.786^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

1.45 (−1.06, 2.34), 0.291

1.04 (−1.06, 3.41), 0.425

Mg (mg/d)

 Baseline

217.22 ± 75.06

224.32 ± 68.53

−7.01 (−39.03, 18.59), 0.592^**

 End

221.40 ± 56.50

220.54 ± 55.12

0.86 (−16.23, 12.20), 0.933^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

4.08 (−14.21, 23.33), 0.654

−3.77 (−20.12, 12.31), 0.653

Zinc (mg/d)

 Baseline

7.62 ± 2.47

7.80 ± 2.31

−0.18 (−1.2, 3.12), 0.889^**

 End

9.77 ± 3.05

7.72 ± 2.51

−2.01 (−2.12, 6.35), 0.342^***

MD (95% CI), P^*

2.15 (−1.06, 2.34), 0.298

0.08 (−0.98, 1.41), 0.868