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Table 3 Changes in parameters of body composition and insulin sensitivity following the HMUFA and LFHP diet

From: Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention

 

HMUFA diet (n = 40)

LFHP diet (n = 30)

P-value

 

Week 0

Week 12

Week 0

Week 12

Time

Diet

Diet x time

Glucose parameters

       

Matsuda index (A.U.)

11.2 (9.8; 12.8)

12.0 (10.5; 13.8)

10.1 (8.6; 11.8)

10.7 (9.1; 12.5)

0.160

0.304

0.895

HIRI (A.U.)

432.9 (375.4; 499.2)

424.4 (358.2; 503.2)

426.0 (360.7; 503.7)

382.3 (313.2; 466.4)

0.777

0.886

0.416

MISI (A.U.)

0.126 (0.106; 0.149)

0.138 (0.116; 0.164)

0.135 (0.111; 0.166)

0.139 (0.114; 0.169)

0.330

0.578

0.635

Body composition

       

Body weight (kg)

90.3 (87.5; 93.3)

88.4 (85.6; 91.3)

91.3 (88.0; 94.8)

89.3 (86.0; 92.8)

< 0.001

0.650

0.824

BMI (kg/m2)

29.9 (29.3; 30.5)

29.3 (28.7; 29.9)

29.5 (29.0; 30.1)

28.8 (28.2; 29.3)

< 0.001

0.341

0.160

Waist circumference (cm)

100.8 (98.5; 103.1)

100.3 (98.0; 102.6)

103.8 (101.1; 106.7)

100.8 (98.2; 103.5)

0.422

0.101

0.006

Body fat (%)

36.1 (35.0; 37.2)

35.2 (34.0; 36.6)

37.3 (36.0; 38.6)

36.4 (34.9; 38.0)

0.002

0.177

0.900

Fat ratio (%)

57.6 (55.8; 59.3)

56.6 (54.8; 58.4)

59.5 (57.5; 61.5)

58.1 (56.1; 60.2)

< 0.001

0.155

0.212

VAT (L)

5.19 (4.76; 5.65)

4.90 (4.51; 5.33)

5.53 (5.01; 6.11)

5.13 (4.65; 5.65)

< 0.001

0.332

0.279

aSAT (L)

9.54 (8.84; 10.3)

9.09 (8.40; 9.84)

10.37 (9.48; 11.34)

9.79 (8.93; 10.74)

< 0.001

0.165

0.476

Muscle fat (%)

7.48 (7.08; 7.89)

7.44 (7.05; 7.85)

7.54 (7.08; 8.03)

7.39 (6.94; 7.86)

0.383

0.847

0.071

Liver fat (%)

5.12 (4.08; 6.44)

3.33 (2.62; 4.24)

7.26 (5.53; 9.54)

5.02 (3.77; 6.69)

< 0.001

0.055

0.515

Abdominal AT index (L/m2)

5.25 (4.92; 5.61)

4.98 (4.65; 5.34)

5.62 (5.20; 6.07)

5.27 (4.86; 5.7)

< 0.001

0.196

0.433

Weight-to-muscle (ratio)

8.05 (7.78; 8.33)

7.99 (7.72; 8.26)

8.26 (7.93; 8.60)

8.16 (7.85; 8.49)

0.012

0.343

0.515

Muscle volume (L)

11.21 (10.82; 11.61)

11.08 (10.7; 11.47)

11.06 (10.61; 11.52)

10.98 (10.54; 11.43)

< 0.001

0.629

0.343

Muscle volume (Z-score)

0.227 (-0.058; 0.511)

0.172 (-0.108; 0.451)

0.027 (-0.304; 0.357)

0.048 (-0.276; 0.37)

0.051

0.366

0.078

  1. Data are presented as Estimated Marginal Mean (EMM) adjusted for age, sex, and study center as analyzed with a mixed model with repeated measure. Significant p-values (< 0.05) are highlighted in bold. aSAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue; AT, adipose tissue; HMUFA, high mono-unsaturated fatty acids; LFHP, low-fat high-protein; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
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Nutrition & Metabolism

ISSN: 1743-7075

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