Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention

Trouwborst, Inez; Jardon, Kelly M.; Gijbels, Anouk; Hul, Gabby; Feskens, Edith J.M.; Afman, Lydia A.; Linge, Jennifer; Goossens, Gijs H.; Blaak, Ellen E.

doi:10.1186/s12986-024-00795-y

Table 4 Associations between the diet-induced changes in tissue-specific insulin resistance and changes in body composition

From: Body composition and body fat distribution in tissue-specific insulin resistance and in response to a 12-week isocaloric dietary macronutrient intervention

			Model 1: Adj. for diet		Model 2: Adj. for diet, age, sex, and menopause		Model 3: Adj. for diet, age, sex, menopause and Δ body weight		Model 4: Adj. for diet, age, sex, menopause, Δ body weight, and Δ MISI/HIRI
			β (95%CI)	P-value	β (95%CI)	P-value	β (95%CI)	P-value	β (95%CI)	P-value
Δ HIRI	Δ Body weight (kg)		0.16 (0.06; 0.23)	0.001	0.15 (0.06; 0.23)	< 0.001			0.14 (0.05; 0.23)	0.003
	Δ Waist circumference (cm)		0.05 (-0.03; 0.13)	0.241	0.05 (-0.04; 0.13)	0.263	0.00 (-0.08; 0.08)	0.926	0.00 (-0.08; 0.08)	0.985
	Δ Body fat (%)		0.03 (-0.04; 0.11)	0.401	0.03 (-0.05; 0.11)	0.452	-0.01 (-0.09; 0.06)	0.732	-0.02 (-0.10; 0.06)	0.652
	Δ Fat ratio (%)		0.09 (0.02; 0.15)	0.007	0.09 (0.02; 0.15)	0.009	0.03 (-0.05; 0.11)	0.493	0.03 (-0.05; 0.11)	0.478
	Δ VAT (L)	HMUFA	0.04 (-0.02; 0.11)	0.202	0.05 (-0.02; 0.13)	0.153	0.01 (-0.09; 0.10)	0.873	0.01 (-0.09; 0.11)	0.818
	Δ VAT (L)	LFHP	0.27 (0.13; 0.42)	< 0.001	0.26 (0.10; 0.43)	0.003	0.23 (0.02; 0.45)	0.037	0.27 (0.02; 0.52)	0.039
	Δ aSAT (L)		0.12 (0.04; 0.19)	0.002	0.13 (0.05; 0.21)	0.002	0.05 (-0.09; 0.19)	0.494	0.06 (-0.09; 0.21)	0.402
	Δ Muscle fat (%)		0.02 (-0.06; 0.10)	0.656	0.02 (-0.07; 0.10)	0.706	-0.05 (-0.13; 0.04)	0.275	-0.04 (-0.13; 0.04)	0.304
	Δ Liver fat (%)		0.05 (-0.03; 0.13)	0.245	0.05 (-0.03; 0.13)	0.213	0.00 (-0.08; 0.08)	0.967	0.00 (-0.09; 0.08)	0.926
	Δ Abdominal AT index (L/m²)		0.12 (0.05; 0.19)	0.002	0.13 (0.05; 0.20)	0.002	0.05 (-0.08; 0.18)	0.462	0.06 (-0.08; 0.20)	0.413
	Δ Weight-to-muscle (ratio)		0.05 (-0.03; 0.13)	0.181	0.05 (-0.03; 0.14)	0.187	-0.01 (-0.10; 0.08)	0.808	-0.01 (-0.10; 0.08)	0.788
	Δ Muscle volume (L)		0.07 (0.00; 0.15)	0.063	0.08 (0.00; 0.16)	0.056	0.01 (-0.08; 0.10)	0.817	0.02 (-0.08; 0.11)	0.738
	Δ Muscle volume (Z-score)		0.00 (-0.08; 0.08)	0.924	0.00 (-0.08; 0.09)	0.918	-0.01 (-0.08; 0.07)	0.886	0.00 (-0.08; 0.08)	0.983
Δ MISI	Δ Body weight (kg)		-0.05 (-0.12; 0.01)	0.108	-0.05 (-0.12; 0.01)	0.103			-0.04 (-0.12; 0.03)	0.244
	Δ Waist circumference (cm)		-0.05 (-0.11; 0.00)	0.060	-0.05 (-0.11; 0.00)	0.068	-0.05 (-0.11; 0.01)	0.123	-0.05 (-0.11; 0.02)	0.131
	Δ Body fat (%)	Women	0.02 (-0.05; 0.08)	0.637	0.01 (-0.05; 0.08)	0.671	0.01 (-0.06; 0.09)	0.715	0.01 (-0.07; 0.09)	0.806
	Δ Body fat (%)	Men	0.04 (-0.11; 0.20)	0.564	-0.11 (-0.21; -0.02)	0.020	-0.11 (-0.20; -0.01)	0.027	-0.11 (-0.21; -0.01)	0.028
	Δ Fat ratio (%)		-0.03 (-0.08; 0.02)	0.251	-0.28 (-0.08; 0.02)	0.255	-0.01 (-0.08; 0.05)	0.695	-0.01 (-0.08; 0.05)	0.717
	Δ VAT (L)		-0.03 (-0.09; 0.02)	0.248	-0.04 (-0.10; 0.02)	0.153	-0.02 (-0.11; 0.06)	0.568	-0.02 (-0.11; 0.06)	0.614
	Δ aSAT (L)		-0.01 (-0.07; 0.05)	0.741	-0.01 (-0.07; 0.05)	0.749	0.09 (-0.02; 0.19)	0.112	0.09 (-0.02; 0.20)	0.114
	Δ Muscle fat (%)		0.00 (-0.06; 0.06)	0.987	0.00 (-0.06; 0.05)	0.868	0.01 (-0.05; 0.08)	0.723	0.01 (-0.05; 0.08)	0.704
	Δ Liver fat (%)		-0.06 (-0.11; 0.00)	0.039	-0.05 (-0.11; 0.03)	0.061	0.05 (-0.11; 0.01)	0.109	-0.05 (-0.11; 0.01)	0.126
	Δ Abdominal AT index (L/m²)		-0.03 (-0.09; 0.03)	0.354	-0.03 (-0.09; 0.03)	0.347	0.02 (-0.09; 0.13)	0.700	0.02 (-0.09; 0.13)	0.684
	Δ Weight-to-muscle (ratio)		-0.03 (-0.09; 0.02)	0.235	-0.03 (-0.09; 0.02)	0.257	-0.02 (-0.08; 0.05)	0.589	-0.02 (-0.08; 0.05)	0.633
	Δ Muscle volume (L)		0.01 (-0.04; 0.07)	0.655	0.00 (-0.05; 0.06)	0.880	0.04 (-0.02; 0.11)	0.198	0.04 (-0.03; 0.11)	0.206
	Δ Muscle volume (Z-score)		0.04 (-0.02; 0.10)	0.178	0.03 (-0.02; 0.10)	0.245	0.04 (-0.01; 0.10)	0.138	0.04 (-0.02; 0.10)	0.147
Δ Matsuda index	Δ Body weight (kg)		-0.13 (-0.28; 0.01)	0.066	-0.11 (-0.26; 0.03)	0.112
	Δ Waist circumference (cm)		-0.10 (-0.23; 0.03)	0.130	-0.12 (-0.25; 0.01)	0.063	-0.10 (-0.23; 0.04)	0.153
	Δ Body fat (%)		-0.07 (-0.20; 0.05)	0.244	-0.12 (-0.24; 0.01)	0.064	-0.09 (-0.22; 0.04)	0.163
	Δ Fat ratio (%)	HMUFA	-0.09 (-0.18; 0.00)	0.052	-0.06 (-0.15; 0.03)	0.179	0.00 (-0.11; 0.12)	0.937
	Δ Fat ratio (%)	LFHP	-0.21 (-0.43; 0.00)	0.054	-0.25 (-0.48; -0.02)	0.035	-0.30 (-0.57; -0.04)	0.025
	Δ VAT (L)		-0.12 (-0.24; 0.01)	0.064	-0.14 (-0.26; -0.02)	0.022	-0.13 (-0.3; 0.03)	0.117
	Δ aSAT (L)		-0.15 (-0.27; -0.02)	0.022	-0.13 (-0.26; 0.01)	0.060	-0.11 (-0.33; 0.12)	0.364
	Δ Muscle fat (%)		-0.08 (-0.21; 0.05)	0.238	-0.11 (-0.24; 0.01)	0.077	-0.08 (-0.22; 0.05)	0.219
	Δ Liver fat (%)		-0.13 (-0.25; 0.00)	0.044	-0.11 (-0.24; 0.01)	0.069	-0.09 (-0.22; 0.05)	0.199
	Δ Abdominal AT index (L/m²)		-0.16 (-0.28; -0.04)	0.011	-0.14 (-0.27; -0.02)	0.023	-0.18 (-0.39; 0.04)	0.112
	Δ Weight-to-muscle (ratio)		-0.12 (-0.25; 0.00)	0.054	-0.10 (-0.22; 0.02)	0.110	-0.07 (-0.21; 0.07)	0.346
	Δ Muscle volume (L)	HMUFA	-0.10 (-0.22; 0.01)	0.082	-0.07 (-0.19; 0.05)	0.237	-0.01 (-0.14; 0.12)	0.888
	Δ Muscle volume (L)	LFHP	0.18 (-0.07; 0.43)	0.147	0.17 (-0.08; 0.41)	0.172	0.28 (0.01; 0.56)	0.045
	Δ Muscle volume (Z-score)		0.05 (-0.08; 0.18)	0.447	0.06 (-0.07; 0.19)	0.356	0.07 (-0.06; 0.19)	0.277

Data are reported as β (95% confidence interval (CI)). Δ Indicates the change from week 0 till 12, calculated as value week 12 minus the value of week 0. In case of significant diet or sex interaction, data are reported separately for HMUFA and LFHP or women and men, respectively. Significant P-values (< 0.05) are highlighted in bold. Adj, adjusted; aSAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue; AT, adipose tissue; HIRI, hepatic insulin resistance index; HMUFA, high mono-unsaturated fatty acids; LFHP, low-fat high-protein; MISI, muscle insulin sensitivity index; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.

Back to article page

ISSN: 1743-7075

Contact us

General enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com

Nutrition & Metabolism

Contact us