Articles

Hepatic, adipocyte, enteric and pancreatic hormones: response to dietary macronutrient composition and relationship with metabolism

We sought to characterize the effects of dietary macronutrient composition on various hormones implicated in the regulation of insulin sensitivity (IS) and energy expenditure (EE).

Authors: Bridget M. Hron, Cara B. Ebbeling, Henry A. Feldman and David S. Ludwig

Piperine enhances carbohydrate/fat metabolism in skeletal muscle during acute exercise in mice

Exercise promotes energy metabolism (e.g., metabolism of glucose and lipids) in skeletal muscles; however, reactive oxygen species are also generated during exercise. Various spices have been reported to have ...

Authors: Jisu Kim, Kang-Pa Lee, Dae-Won Lee and Kiwon Lim

Discrepancies in publications related to HMB-FA and ATP supplementation

This letter addresses a number of discrepancies found in several publications related HMB-FA and ATP supplementation.

Authors: Jeremy A. Gentles and Stuart M. Phillips

Free fatty acids and cardiovascular outcome: a Chinese cohort study on stable coronary artery disease

Studies have revealed that plasma level of free fatty acids (FFAs) is related to cardiovascular disease. However, the role of FFAs in clinical outcomes of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) has been less ev...

Authors: Hui-Wen Zhang, Xi Zhao, Yuan-Lin Guo, Cheng-Gang Zhu, Na-Qiong Wu, Jing Sun, Geng Liu, Qian Dong and Jian-Jun Li

Erratum to: Evaluation of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 strain as a coadjuvant in a vaccination process: a randomised clinical trial in healthy adults

Authors: Noemí Redondo, Esther Nova, Alina Gheorghe, Ligia Esperanza Díaz, Aurora Hernández and Ascensión Marcos

Erratum to: Evaluation of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 strain as a coadjuvant in a vaccination process: a randomised clinical trial in healthy adults

Authors: Noemí Redondo, Esther Nova, Alina Gheorghe, Ligia Esperanza Díaz, Aurora Hernández and Ascensión Marcos

Cichorium intybus L. promotes intestinal uric acid excretion by modulating ABCG2 in experimental hyperuricemia

Excessive production and/or reduced excretion of uric acid could lead to hyperuricemia, which could be a major cause of disability. Hyperuricemia has received increasing attention in the last few decades due t...

Authors: Yu Wang, Zhijian Lin, Bing Zhang, Anzheng Nie and Meng Bian

Supramolecular structure of dietary fat in early life modulates expression of markers for mitochondrial content and capacity in adipose tissue of adult mice

Previous studies have shown that early life nutrition can modulate the development of white adipose tissue and thereby affect the risk on obesity and metabolic disease later in life. For instance, postnatal fe...

Authors: Andrea Kodde, Eline M. van der Beek, Esther Phielix, Eefje Engels, Lidewij Schipper and Annemarie Oosting

The role of a dairy fraction rich in milk fat globule membrane in the suppression of postprandial inflammatory markers and bone turnover in obese and overweight adults: an exploratory study

Inflammation is associated with increased bone resorption; the role of inflammation in postprandial bone turnover has not been explored. Consumption of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) reduces inflammation in ...

Authors: Tara S. Rogers, Elieke Demmer, Nancy Rivera, Erik R. Gertz, J. Bruce German, Jennifer T. Smilowitz, Angela M. Zivkovic and Marta D. Van Loan

Essential amino acid ingestion alters expression of genes associated with amino acid sensing, transport, and mTORC1 regulation in human skeletal muscle

Amino acid availability stimulates protein synthesis via the mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) signaling pathway. In response to an increase in cellular amino acid availability, translocation ...

Authors: Ted G. Graber, Michael S. Borack, Paul T. Reidy, Elena Volpi and Blake B. Rasmussen

Association of adipokines with blood pressure, arterial elasticity and cardiac markers in dialysis patients: cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a cohort study

Adipokines are a set of cytokines secreted by white adipose tissue that have been suggested to be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional associations o...

Authors: Wenjin Liu, Lei Jiang, Jianping Chen, Chaoqing Gao, Jianmei Zhou, Jiajun Zhou, Youwei Bai, Hong Chu, Wei Fan, Liang Wang, Zhuxing Sun, Xiurong Li and Junwei Yang

Eicosapentaenoic acid shows anti-inflammatory effect via GPR120 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in diet-induced obese mice

Saturated fatty acids have been shown to cause insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation, whereas unsaturated fatty acids suppress inflammation via G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) in macrop...

Authors: Hodaka Yamada, Tomio Umemoto, Masafumi Kakei, Shin-ichi Momomura, Masanobu Kawakami, San-e Ishikawa and Kazuo Hara

Impact of 8-week linoleic acid intake in soy oil on Lp-PLA₂ activity in healthy adults

No intervention follow-up study has examined the association between plasma n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂), which is a risk factor for cardiovascular...

Authors: Minkyung Kim, Minjoo Kim, Ayoung Lee, Hye Jin Yoo, Jung Soo Her, Sun Ha Jee and Jong Ho Lee

Oral β-hydroxybutyrate increases ketonemia, decreases visceral adipocyte volume and improves serum lipid profile in Wistar rats

Ketosis can be induced in humans and in animals by fasting or dietary interventions, such as ketogenic diets. However, the increasing interest on the ketogenic state has motivated the development of alternativ...

Authors: Rennan de Oliveira Caminhotto, Ayumi Cristina Medeiros Komino, Flaviane de Fatima Silva, Sandra Andreotti, Rogério Antônio Laurato Sertié, Gabriela Boltes Reis and Fabio Bessa Lima

Resveratrol regulates body weight in healthy and ovariectomized rats

The elevated body weight in post-menopausal state attributes to the reduced estrogen levels which is alleviated by resveratrol (RES) but its role in control rats is not well understood. The main objective of t...

Authors: Rupali Sharma, Neel Kamal Sharma and M. Thungapathra

The function of myostatin in the regulation of fat mass in mammals

Myostatin (MSTN), also referred to as growth and differentiation factor-8, is a protein secreted in muscle tissues. Researchers believe that its primary function is in negatively regulating muscle because a mu...

Authors: Bing Deng, Feng Zhang, Jianghui Wen, Shengqiang Ye, Lixia Wang, Yu Yang, Ping Gong and Siwen Jiang

Dynamic and temporal assessment of human dried blood spot MS/MS^ALL shotgun lipidomics analysis

Real-time and dynamic assessment of an individual’s lipid homeostatic state in blood is complicated due to the need to collect samples in a clinical environment. In the context of precision medicine and popula...

Authors: Fei Gao, Justice McDaniel, Emily Y. Chen, Hannah E. Rockwell, Jeremy Drolet, Vivek K. Vishnudas, Vladimir Tolstikov, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Niven R. Narain and Michael A. Kiebish

Vitamin D: a possible modifying factor linking obesity to vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients

Obesity is a risk factor for increased cardiovascular disease. Whether vitamin D deficiency modifies this association is unclear. Here, we examined the association of obesity and vitamin D deficiency with vasc...

Authors: Jwa-Kyung Kim, Mi Jin Park, Young Rim Song, Hyung Jik Kim and Sung Gyun Kim

A mouse model of vitamin D insufficiency: is there a relationship between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and obesity?

Vitamin D insufficiency (serum 25-OH vitamin D > 10 ng/ml and < 30 ng/ml) is prevalent in the obese (body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m²), yet relationships between the two are poorly understood. Objectives of this ...

Authors: Kenneth L. Seldeen, Manhui Pang, Maria Rodríguez-Gonzalez, Mireya Hernandez, Zachary Sheridan, Ping Yu and Bruce R. Troen

Associations among osteocalcin, leptin and metabolic health in children ages 9–13 years in the United States

This study aimed to investigate the relationships among osteocalcin, leptin and metabolic health outcomes in children ages 9–13 years.

Authors: Kelly Virecoulon Giudici, Joseph M. Kindler, Berdine R. Martin, Emma M. Laing, George P. McCabe, Linda D. McCabe, Dorothy B. Hausman, Lígia Araújo Martini, Richard D. Lewis, Connie M. Weaver, Munro Peacock and Kathleen M. Hill Gallant

Resistance training to improve type 2 diabetes: working toward a prescription for the future

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing, and effective strategies to manage and prevent this disease are urgently needed. Resistance training (RT) promotes health benefits through increas...

Authors: Dominik H. Pesta, Renata L. S. Goncalves, Anila K. Madiraju, Barbara Strasser and Lauren M. Sparks

Potential therapeutic targets of Guggulsterone in cancer

Natural compounds capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells have always been of considerable interest as potential anti-cancer agents. Many such compounds are under screening and development with their pot...

Authors: Ajaz A. Bhat, Kirti S. Prabhu, Shilpa Kuttikrishnan, Roopesh Krishnankutty, Jayaprakash Babu, Ramzi M. Mohammad and Shahab Uddin

Defective lipid metabolism associated with mutation in klf-2 and klf-3: important roles of essential dietary salts in fat storage

Dietary salts are important factors in metabolic disorders. They are vital components of enzymes, vitamins, hormones, and signal transduction that act synergistically to regulate lipid metabolism. Our previous...

Authors: Jun Ling, Christopher Brey, Megan Schilling, Farah Lateef, Zenaida P. Lopez-Dee, Kristopher Fernandes, Kavita Thiruchelvam, Yi Wang, Kshitij Chandel, Kai Rau, Ranjit Parhar, Futwan Al-Mohanna, Randy Gaugler and Sarwar Hashmi

Case-control study of metabolic syndrome and ovarian cancer in Chinese population

Recent studies have proved metabolic syndrome (MetS) was linked to cancer risks. However, few data has examined the relationship between MetS and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Authors: Ying Chen, Lei Zhang, Wenxin Liu and Ke Wang

Maternal high-fat diet intensifies the metabolic response to stress in male rat offspring

The mother’s consumption of high-fat food can affect glucose metabolism and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis responsiveness in the offspring and potentially affect the metabolic responses to stress as w...

Authors: Roxana Karbaschi, Homeira Zardooz, Fariba Khodagholi, Leila Dargahi, Mina Salimi and FatemehSadat Rashidi

Press-pulse: a novel therapeutic strategy for the metabolic management of cancer

A shift from respiration to fermentation is a common metabolic hallmark of cancer cells. As a result, glucose and glutamine become the prime fuels for driving the dysregulated growth of tumors. The simultaneou...

Authors: Thomas N. Seyfried, George Yu, Joseph C. Maroon and Dominic P. D’Agostino

Long-term intake of saccharin decreases post-absortive energy expenditure at rest and is associated to greater weight gain relative to sucrose in wistar rats

Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) have been associated with increased prevalence of obesity. In previous studies, we demonstrated that saccharin could induce an increase in weight gain either when compared to suc...

Authors: Denise Entrudo Pinto, Kelly Carraro Foletto, Ramiro Barcos Nunes, Pedro Dal Lago and Marcello Casaccia Bertoluci

Impact of a 6-week non-energy-restricted ketogenic diet on physical fitness, body composition and biochemical parameters in healthy adults

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a very low-carbohydrate, high-fat and adequate-protein diet that without limiting calories induces different metabolic adaptations, eg, increased levels of circulating ketone bodies ...

Authors: Paul Urbain, Lena Strom, Lena Morawski, Anja Wehrle, Peter Deibert and Hartmut Bertz

Lipid overload during gestation and lactation can independently alter lipid homeostasis in offspring and promote metabolic impairment after new challenge to high-fat diet

Nutritional status in early life is critically involved in the metabolic phenotype of offspring. However the changes triggered by maternal consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) in pre- or postnatal period should ...

Authors: Laís Angélica de Paula Simino, Thaís de Fante, Marina Figueiredo Fontana, Fernanda Oliveira Borges, Márcio Alberto Torsoni, Marciane Milanski, Lício Augusto Velloso and Adriana Souza Torsoni

High-cholesterol diet does not alter gut microbiota composition in mice

Western diet containing both saturated fat and cholesterol impairs cardio-metabolic health partly by modulating diversity and function of the microbiota. While diet containing only high fat has comparable effe...

Authors: Lidiya G. Dimova, Nikola Zlatkov, Henkjan J. Verkade, Bernt Eric Uhlin and Uwe J. F. Tietge

Hepatic iron storage is related to body adiposity and hepatic inflammation

Obesity has been reported to be associated with iron deficiency. However, few studies have investigated iron status in low adiposity. To investigate whether body adiposity was associated with altered hepatic i...

Authors: Chan Yoon Park, Jayong Chung, Kyung-Ok Koo, Min Soo Kim and Sung Nim Han

Supplementation with dairy calcium and/or flaxseed fibers in conjunction with orlistat augments fecal fat excretion without altering ratings of gastrointestinal comfort

Orlistat is a lipase inhibitor which reduced absorption of dietary fat by ~30% thereby inducing a weight loss; however, side effects occur as a consequence of increased colonic fat content. To test the hypothe...

Authors: Mette Kristensen, Signe Rømer Juul, Karina Vejrum Sørensen, Janne Kunchel Lorenzen and Arne Astrup

Phosphatidic acid: biosynthesis, pharmacokinetics, mechanisms of action and effect on strength and body composition in resistance-trained individuals

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has received much attention in the field of exercise physiology as a master regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy. The multiprotein complex is regulate...

Authors: Peter Bond

Weight loss technology for people with treated type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing in worldwide despite the development of new treatment methods. Aim of the study was to evaluate a weight loss method on body composition, glycemic, lipid and hor...

Authors: Kuat Oshakbayev, Bibazhar Dukenbayeva, Gulnar Togizbayeva, Aigul Durmanova, Meruyert Gazaliyeva, Abdul Sabir, Aliya Issa and Alisher Idrisov

Caffeine consumption and telomere length in men and women of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)

The investigation evaluated the relationship between caffeine intake and coffee consumption and leukocyte telomere length, a biomarker of the senescence of cells.

Authors: Larry A. Tucker

Dietary supplementation with bovine-derived milk fat globule membrane lipids promotes neuromuscular development in growing rats

The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is primarily composed of polar phospho- and sphingolipids, which have established biological effects on neuroplasticity. The present study aimed to investigate the effect o...

Authors: James F. Markworth, Brenan Durainayagam, Vandre C. Figueiredo, Karen Liu, Jian Guan, Alastair K. H. MacGibbon, Bertram Y. Fong, Aaron C. Fanning, Angela Rowan, Paul McJarrow and David Cameron-Smith

High fat diet modifies the association of lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphism with high density lipoprotein cholesterol in an Asian Indian population

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL) have been shown to influence metabolism related to lipid phenotypes. Dietary factors have been shown to modify the association between LPL S...

Authors: K. A. Ayyappa, I. Shatwan, D. Bodhini, L. R. Bramwell, K. Ramya, V. Sudha, R. M. Anjana, J. A. Lovegrove, V. Mohan, V. Radha and K. S. Vimaleswaran

Efficacy of a novel formulation of L-Carnitine, creatine, and leucine on lean body mass and functional muscle strength in healthy older adults: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study

Progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function are growing concerns in an aging population. Diet and physical activity are important for muscle maintenance but these requirements are not always met. ...

Authors: Malkanthi Evans, Najla Guthrie, John Pezzullo, Toran Sanli, Roger A. Fielding and Aouatef Bellamine

Reduced up-regulation of the nitric oxide pathway and impaired endothelial and smooth muscle functions in the female type 2 diabetic goto-kakizaki rat heart

Type 2 diabetes is associated with greater relative risk of cardiovascular diseases in women than in men, which is not well understood. Consequently, we have investigated if male and female displayed differenc...

Authors: Martine Desrois, Carole Lan, Jamileh Movassat and Monique Bernard

Regulatory landscape of AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress axis and its modulation by PPARγ activation in high fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome

The AGE-RAGE-oxidative stress (AROS) axis is involved in the onset and progression of metabolic syndrome induced by a high-fructose diet (HFD). PPARγ activation is known to modulate metabolic syndrome; however...

Authors: Luca Cannizzaro, Giuseppe Rossoni, Federica Savi, Alessandra Altomare, Cristina Marinello, Thammakorn Saethang, Marina Carini, D. Michael Payne, Trairak Pisitkun, Giancarlo Aldini and Asada Leelahavanichkul

Thylakoids reduce body fat and fat cell size by binding to dietary fat making it less available for absorption in high-fat fed mice

Dietary thylakoids derived from spinach have beneficial effects on body fat accumulation and blood lipids as demonstrated in humans and rodents. Important mechanisms established include delayed fat digestion i...

Authors: Karin G. Stenkula, Eva-Lena Stenblom, Caroline Montelius, Emil Egecioglu and Charlotte Erlanson-Albertsson

Plasticity of adipose tissue in response to fasting and refeeding in male mice

Fasting is the most widely prescribed and self-imposed strategy for treating excessive weight gain and obesity, and has been shown to exert a number of beneficial effects. The aim of the present study was to d...

Authors: Hao-Neng Tang, Chen-Yi Tang, Xiao-Fei Man, Shu-Wen Tan, Yue Guo, Jun Tang, Ci-La Zhou and Hou-De Zhou

Evaluation of Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 strain as a coadjuvant in a vaccination process: a randomised clinical trial in healthy adults

Although the effects of probiotics on the immune system have been extensively evaluated under disease states, their role in healthy situations remains unclear, since changes are hardly expected under immunolog...

Authors: Noemí Redondo, Esther Nova, Alina Gheorghe, Ligia Esperanza Díaz, Aurora Hernández and Ascensión Marcos

Do metabolic syndrome and its components have an impact on bone mineral density in adolescents?

In recent years, there has been growing concern about the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) at an early age and its effects on bone mass in adolescents. Adolescence is considered a critical period for bo...

Authors: Valéria Nóbrega da Silva, Luciana Nunes Mosca Fiorelli, Carla Cristiane da Silva, Cilmery Suemi Kurokawa and Tamara Beres Lederer Goldberg

Nutritional modulation of endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion: a review

The positive influences of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on blood glucose homeostasis, appetite sensations, and food intake provide a strong rationale for its therapeutic potential in the nutritional managem...

Authors: Alexandra M. Bodnaruc, Denis Prud’homme, Rosanne Blanchet and Isabelle Giroux

Rose hip supplementation increases energy expenditure and induces browning of white adipose tissue

Overweight and obesity are widespread chronic disorders defined as excessive fat accumulation, and are major risk factors for several chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, high bl...

Authors: Michele Cavalera, Ulrika Axling, Karin Berger and Cecilia Holm

Effects of controlled doses of Oxyelite Pro on physical performance in rats

OxyElite Pro (OEP) is a dietary supplement to increase metabolism which contains as key stimulant the ingredient 1,3-dimethylamylamine (DMAA). Serious adverse effects have been reported after OEP consumption h...

Authors: Paulo Vinicios Camuzi Zovico, Victor Magalhães Curty, Marcos André Soares Leal, Eduardo Frizzera Meira, Daniel Ventura Dias, Lívia Carla de Melo Rodrigues, Silvana dos Santos Meyrelles, Edilamar Menezes De Oliveira, Paula Frizera Vassallo and Valério Garrone Barauna

Phytochemicals as novel agents for the induction of browning in white adipose tissue

Obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome continue to be a health epidemic in westernized societies and is catching up in the developing world. Despite such increases, little headway has been made to rever...

Authors: Yusra Azhar, Ashish Parmar, Colette N. Miller, Janaiya S. Samuels and Srujana Rayalam

Alpha-mangostin from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) pericarp extract reduces high fat-diet induced hepatic steatosis in rats by regulating mitochondria function and apoptosis

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by multiple factors including hepatic oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Obesity is among the risk factors for NAFLD alongside ty...

Authors: Shin-Yu Tsai, Pei-Chin Chung, Eddy E. Owaga, I-Jong Tsai, Pei-Yuan Wang, Jeng-I Tsai, Tien-Shun Yeh and Rong-Hong Hsieh

Long-term consumption of an obesogenic high fat diet prior to ischemia-reperfusion mediates cardioprotection via Epac1-dependent signaling

Obesity is still considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, although more recent knowledge also suggests obesity to be associated with reduced morbidity and mortality - the “obesity paradox”. This st...

Authors: F. Edland, A. Wergeland, R. Kopperud, K. S. Åsrud, E. A. Hoivik, S. L. Witsø, R. Æsøy, L. Madsen, K. Kristiansen, M. Bakke, S. O. Døskeland and A. K. Jonassen