Articles

Consumption of regular-fat vs reduced-fat cheese reveals gender-specific changes in LDL particle size - a randomized controlled trial

Regular-fat cheese does not seem to increase low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations compared to reduced-fat cheese. However, plasma LDL-C concentrations do not reflect levels and size of LD...

Authors: Farinaz Raziani, Parvaneh Ebrahimi, Søren Balling Engelsen, Arne Astrup, Anne Raben and Tine Tholstrup

Protective effects of γ-aminobutyric acid against H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress in RIN-m5F pancreatic cells

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and reported to maintain the redox homeostasis and insulin secretion function of pancreatic β cells. This study t...

Authors: Xue Tang, Renqiang Yu, Qin Zhou, Shanyu Jiang and Guowei Le

PPARγ/Pgc-1α-Fndc5 pathway up-regulation in gastrocnemius and heart muscle of exercised, branched chain amino acid diet fed mice

Previous studies have revealed the inductive effect of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) catabolism on fatty acid oxidation and metabolism, especially in muscle cells. In the present investigation, we have at...

Authors: Navid Abedpoor, Farzaneh Taghian, Kamran Ghaedi, Iman Niktab, Zahra Safaeinejad, Farzaneh Rabiee, Sommayeh Tanhaei and Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani

Dietary vitamin D₃ supplementation protects laying hens against lipopolysaccharide-induced immunological stress

The effects of vitamin D on the immune function of laying hens are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of vitamin D₃ (VD₃) on laying performance and immunological functions in laying hens und...

Authors: Yanqiang Geng, Qiugang Ma, Zhong Wang and Yuming Guo

Metabolomic profiles associated with bone mineral density in US Caucasian women

Individuals’ peak bone mineral density (BMD) achieved and maintained at ages 20–40 years is the most powerful predictor of low bone mass and osteoporotic fractures later in life. The aim of this study was to i...

Authors: Qi Zhao, Hui Shen, Kuan-Jui Su, Ji-Gang Zhang, Qing Tian, Lan-Juan Zhao, Chuan Qiu, Qiang Zhang, Timothy J. Garrett, Jiawang Liu and Hong-Wen Deng

Vitamin D supplementation and serum heat shock protein 60 levels in patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized clinical trial

The aim in this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D (25(OH)D₃) supplementation on heat shock protein 60 (HSP 60) and other inflammatory markers (IL-17, TNF-α, PAB) in patients with coronary heart dis...

Authors: Leila Sadat Bahrami, Seyed Hashem Sezavar Seyedi Jandaghi, Leila Janani, Mina Pahlavan, Seyed Mostafa Arabi, Homa Sadeghi and Mohammadreza Vafa

Switching from a high-fat cellulose diet to a high-fat pectin diet reverses certain obesity-related morbidities

Reducing caloric intake is a proven intervention for mitigating and modulating morbidities associated with overnutrition. Caloric restriction is difficult to affect clinically, therefore, dietary interventions...

Authors: Julie K. Bray, Gabriel S. Chiu, Leslie K. McNeil, Morgan L. Moon, Robyn Wall, Albert E. Towers and Gregory G. Freund

Very low-carbohydrate, high-fat, weight reduction diet decreases hepatic gene response to glucose in obese rats

Very low carbohydrate (VLC) diets are used to promote weight loss and improve insulin resistance (IR) in obesity. Since the high fat content of VLC diets may predispose to hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin...

Authors: Kathleen V. Axen, Marianna A. Harper, Yu Fu Kuo and Kenneth Axen

Long-term high-protein diet intake reverts weight gain and attenuates metabolic dysfunction on high-sucrose-fed adult rats

Consumption of added sugars has been considered a worldwide public health concern by its association with metabolic syndrome and its comorbidities. Meanwhile, current studies have suggested high-protein diets ...

Authors: Rosângela Maria Lopes Sousa, Nathalee Liberal Xavier Ribeiro, Bruno Araújo Serra Pinto, Jonas Rodrigues Sanches, Mariana Uchôa da Silva, Caio Fernando Ferreira Coêlho, Lucas Martins França, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto and Antonio Marcus de Andrade Paes

PPARG2 Pro12Ala polymorphism influences body composition changes in severely obese patients consuming extra virgin olive oil: a randomized clinical trial

Previous intervention studies have reported the association of the PPARG2 Pro12Ala (rs1801282) and IL6 -174G > C (rs1800795) polymorphisms with weight loss; however, their results are inconsistent. We aimed to in...

Authors: Ana Paula Santos Rodrigues, Lorena Pereira Souza Rosa and Erika Aparecida Silveira

Changes in lysophospholipids and liver status after weight loss: the RESMENA study

Obesity and comorbidities such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are major public health burdens. Alterations in lipid metabolism are involved in hepatic diseases. The objective of this study was to...

Authors: Irene Cantero, Itziar Abete, Josep Maria del Bas, Antoni Caimari, Lluís Arola, M. Angeles Zulet and J. Alfredo Martinez

Impact of 3-year changes in lipid parameters and their ratios on incident type 2 diabetes: Tehran lipid and glucose study

To examine the impact of changes in all lipid measures including total cholesterol (TC), log-transformed triglycerides (Ln-TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol...

Authors: Pegah Khaloo, Mitra Hasheminia, Maryam Tohidi, Hengameh Abdi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Fereidoun Azizi and Farzad Hadaegh

α-Tocopherol influences glycaemic control and miR-9-3 DNA methylation in overweight and obese women under an energy-restricted diet: a randomized, double-blind, exploratory, controlled clinical trial

Excess weight is a strong risk factor for the development of dysglycaemia. It has been suggested that changes in the metabolism microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, could precede lat...

Authors: Rafaella Cristhine Pordeus Luna, Mayara Karla dos Santos Nunes, Mussara Gomes Cavalcante Alves Monteiro, Cássia Surama Oliveira da Silva, Rayner Anderson Ferreira do Nascimento, Raquel Patrícia Ataíde Lima, Flávia Cristina Fernandes Pimenta, Naila Francis Paulo de Oliveira, Darlene Camati Persuhn, Aléssio Tony Cavalcanti de Almeida, Alcides da Silva Diniz, Cristina Wide Pissetti, Rodrigo Pinheiro Toledo Vianna, Flavia Emília Leite de Lima Ferreira, Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves and Maria José de Carvalho Costa

The relationship between sleep duration and obesity risk among school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China

Obesity has been identified as a major risk factor for a large number of chronic diseases. Understanding factors related to adolescent obesity is critical for prevention of chronic diseases. The associations b...

Authors: Hao Wang, Ruying Hu, Huaidong Du, Bragg Fiona, Jieming Zhong and Min Yu

DNA methylation landscapes in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Although genetic variations and environmental factors are vital to the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), emerging literature suggest that epigenetics, especially DNA methylation, ...

Authors: Zheng Zhou, Bao Sun, Xiaoping Li and Chunsheng Zhu

Nut consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome and overweight/obesity: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized trials

Nut consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its role in the prevention of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (Mets) and overweight/obesity, remains contro...

Authors: Hang Li, Xia Li, Sheng Yuan, Yalei Jin and Jinping Lu

MET-values of standardised activities in relation to body fat: studies in pregnant and non-pregnant women

Physical activity is associated with health in women. Published MET-values (MET: metabolic equivalent of task) may assess physical activity and energy expenditure but tend to be too low for subjects with a hig...

Authors: Elisabet Forsum, Birgitta Janerot-Sjöberg and Marie Löf

Correction to: Effect of a short-term dietary supplementation with phytosterols, red yeast rice or both on lipid pattern in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects: a three-arm, double-blind, randomized clinical trial

Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported a typo in the article category.

Authors: Arrigo F. G. Cicero, Federica Fogacci, Martina Rosticci, Angelo Parini, Marina Giovannini, Maddalena Veronesi, Sergio D’Addato and Claudio Borghi

Anti-obesity and Hypolipidemic effects of garlic oil and onion oil in rats fed a high-fat diet

Until now, little research concerning the lipid-lowering and anti-obesity functions of garlic oil and onion oil has been performed. The objective of this study was to explore the effects of garlic oil and onio...

Authors: Chao Yang, Lihua Li, Ligang Yang, Hui Lǚ, Shaokang Wang and Guiju Sun

Novel anti-obesity effects of beer hops compound xanthohumol: role of AMPK signaling pathway

Obesity alters adipose tissue metabolic and endocrine functioning, leading to an increased adiposity and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Various phytochemicals have been reported to contribute to the be...

Authors: Janaiya S. Samuels, Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy and Srujana Rayalam

Estimating the agreement between the metabolic rate calculated from prediction equations and from a portable indirect calorimetry device: an effort to develop a new equation for predicting resting metabolic rate

Many studies have been performed over time in order to determine the reliability of metabolic rate prediction equations.

Authors: Eleni Pavlidou, Dimitris Petridis, Maria Tolia, Nikolaos Tsoukalas, Antigoni Poultsidi, Aristeidis Fasoulas, George Kyrgias and Constantinos Giaginis

GLUT1 and lactose synthetase are critical genes for lactose synthesis in lactating sows

Lactose synthesis rate is an important factor in milk production and quality in mammals. Understanding the lactose synthesis mechanism is crucial for the improvement of milk quantity and quality. However, rese...

Authors: Yinzhi Zhang, Shihai Zhang, Wutai Guan, Fang Chen, Lin Cheng, Yantao Lv and Jun Chen

The effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome and related disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on the inflammatory markers among patients with ...

Authors: Maryam Akbari, Vahidreza Ostadmohammadi, Reza Tabrizi, Moein Mobini, Kamran B. Lankarani, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Seyed Taghi Heydari, Maryam Chamani, Fariba Kolahdooz and Zatollah Asemi

Maternal overnutrition by hypercaloric diets programs hypothalamic mitochondrial fusion and metabolic dysfunction in rat male offspring

Maternal overnutrition including pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation promotes a lipotoxic insult leading to metabolic dysfunction in offspring. Diet-induced obesity models (DIO) show that changes in hypotha...

Authors: Robbi E. Cardenas-Perez, Lizeth Fuentes-Mera, Ana Laura de la Garza, Ivan Torre-Villalvazo, Luis A. Reyes-Castro, Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha, Aracely Garcia-Garcia, Juan Carlos Corona-Castillo, Armando R. Tovar, Elena Zambrano, Rocio Ortiz-Lopez, Jennifer Saville, Maria Fuller and Alberto Camacho

Medium-chain fatty acids decrease serum cholesterol via reduction of intestinal bile acid reabsorption in C57BL/6J mice

Bile acids play a pivotal role in cholesterol metabolism via the enterohepatic circulation. This study investigated the effects of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs)/medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) on the redu...

Authors: Huizi Li, Yinghua Liu, Xinsheng Zhang, Qing Xu, Yong Zhang, Changyong Xue and Changjiang Guo

A randomized trial of the effects of flaxseed to manage constipation, weight, glycemia, and lipids in constipated patients with type 2 diabetes

To compare the effects of baked flaxseed versus those who received a placebo on constipation symptom scores, weight, glycemic and lipid control in constipated patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Authors: Noureddin Soltanian and Mohsen Janghorbani

Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference of Precision Health and Precision Nutrition

Authors:

Cold-pressed minke whale oil reduces circulating LDL/VLDL-cholesterol, lipid oxidation and atherogenesis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice fed a Western-type diet for 13 weeks

Long-chain n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n3-PUFA) are well known for their anti-inflammatory activity and their impact on cardiovascular disease. Cold-pressed whale oil (CWO) has half the amount of LC n3-...

Authors: Mari Johannessen Walquist, Svein Kristian Stormo, Bjarne Østerud, Edel O. Elvevoll and Karl-Erik Eilertsen

Waist-hip ratio related genetic loci are associated with risk of impaired fasting glucose in Chinese children: a case control study

The meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies identified several waist-hip ratio (WHR) related loci in individuals of European ancestry. Since the pattern of fat distribution and the relationship betwee...

Authors: Qi-Ying Song, Xiang-Rui Meng, Anke Hinney, Jie-Yun Song, Tao Huang, Jun Ma and Hai-Jun Wang

Branched-chain amino acids in health and disease: metabolism, alterations in blood plasma, and as supplements

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) are essential amino acids with protein anabolic properties, which have been studied in a number of muscle wasting disorders for more than 50 ...

Authors: Milan Holeček

LXRɑ participates in the mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c signaling pathway during sodium palmitate-induced lipogenesis in HepG2 cells

The aim of this study was to investigate how the signaling pathway downstream of mTOR/S6K1 contributes to the regulation of SREBP-1c expression during lipogenesis in HepG2 cells.

Authors: Youping Zhou, Shengjie Yu, Can Cai, Li Zhong, Huihong Yu and Wei Shen

Neonatal overfeeding induced glucocorticoid overexposure accelerates hepatic lipogenesis in male rats

Postnatal overfeeding activates tissue glucocorticoid (GC) activity by up-regulating 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) and increasing sensitivity to high-fat (HF) diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty l...

Authors: Fan Yang, Yanyan Dai, Cuiting Min and Xiaonan Li

Iron physiological requirements in Chinese adults assessed by the stable isotope labeling technique

Iron is a kind of essential trace mineral in the human body, while the studies on its physiological requirement are very limited recently, especially in China. And most studies were performed with the radioiso...

Authors: Jie Cai, Tongxiang Ren, Yuhui Zhang, Zhilin Wang, Lingyan Gou, Zhengwu Huang, Jun Wang, Jianhua Piao, Xiaoguang Yang and Lichen Yang

Energy restriction, exercise and atorvastatin treatment improve endothelial dysfunction and inhibit miRNA-155 in the erectile tissue of the aged rat.

Endothelial dysfunction underlies cardiovascular disease that frequently affects aged individuals. Characterized by local decrease in nitric oxide, it results from down-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide s...

Authors: B. Rocha, A. R. Rodrigues, I. Tomada, M. J. Martins, J. T. Guimarães, A. M. Gouveia, H. Almeida and D. Neves

Association between the PPP1R3B polymorphisms and serum lipid traits, the risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke in a southern Chinese Han population

Little is known about the association of the protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3B gene (PPP1R3B) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum lipid levels, the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and...

Authors: Wei-Jun Li, Rui-Xing Yin, Jian-Hua Huang, Yuan Bin, Wu-Xian Chen and Xiao-Li Cao

A leukocyte activation test identifies food items which induce release of DNA by innate immune peripheral blood leucocytes

Leukocyte activation (LA) testing identifies food items that induce a patient specific cellular response in the immune system, and has recently been shown in a randomized double blinded prospective study to re...

Authors: Irma Garcia-Martinez, Theresa R. Weiss, Muhammad N. Yousaf, Ather Ali and Wajahat Z. Mehal

The relationship between MnSOD Val16Ala gene polymorphism and the level of serum total antioxidant capacity with the risk of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetic patients: a nested case-control study in the Tehran lipid glucose study

Several studies have shown significant associations between manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) Val16Ala polymorphism and diabetic complications, but this association has not been explored in relation with ...

Authors: Mehrnaz Abbasi, Maryam S. Daneshpour, Mehdi Hedayati, Azadeh Mottaghi, Katayoun Pourvali and Fereidoun Azizi

Effect of low energy diet for eight weeks to adults with overweight or obesity on folate, retinol, vitamin B₁₂, D and E status and the degree of inflammation: a post hoc analysis of a randomized intervention trial

Obesity is associated with vitamin insufficiency and low grade inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of weight loss on folate, retinol, vitamin B₁₂, D and E status and the degree o...

Authors: Nina Rica Wium Geiker, Mette Veller, Louise Kjoelbaek, Jette Jakobsen, Christian Ritz, Anne Raben, Arne Astrup, Janne Kunchel Lorenzen, Lesli H. Larsen and Susanne Bügel

Correction to: The common use of improper control diets in diet-induced metabolic disease research confounds data interpretation: the fiber factor

Following publication of the original article [1] the authors noticed that the pie chart figure contains percentages (41%, 41%, 19%) that are slightly off given they don’t add to 100. They should instead read ...

Authors: Michael A. Pellizzon and Matthew R. Ricci

Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients can reduce glucose intolerance during a high fat challenge in rats

Better choices of dietary lipid sources and substitution of refined by fortified oils could reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids (FA) and increase the intake of omega 3 FA concomitantly to healthy bioact...

Authors: Frederic Capel, Alain Geloen, Carole Vaysse, Gaelle Pineau, Luc Demaison, Jean-Michel Chardigny, Marie-Caroline Michalski and Corinne Malpuech-Brugère

Correction to: Current therapies in alleviating liver disorders and cancers with a special focus on the potential of vitamin D

Following publication of the original article [1] one of the authors wrote to say that his name had been spelt incorrectly as Ahmed Makki instead of Ahmad Makki.

Authors: Shahida Khan, Ashraf Ali, Sarah Khan, Ahmed Bakillah, Ghazi Damanhouri, Aziz Khan, Ahmad Makki, Ibtehal AlAnsari and Naheed Banu

A low-protein diet exerts a beneficial effect on diabetic status and prevents diabetic nephropathy in Wistar fatty rats, an animal model of type 2 diabetes and obesity

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of a low-protein diet (LPD) starting from a young age on diabetic status and renal injury in a rat model of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Authors: Munehiro Kitada, Yoshio Ogura, Taeko Suzuki, Itaru Monno, Keizo Kanasaki, Ai Watanabe and Daisuke Koya

Total antioxidant capacity of the diet modulates the association between habitual nitrate intake and cardiovascular events: A longitudinal follow-up in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Considering the lack of data on the association between habitual dietary intakes of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and nitrite (NO₂⁻) and cardiovascular events, we assessed possible effects of dietary NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻, in the conte...

Authors: Zahra Bahadoran, Mattias Carlström, Asghar Ghasemi, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi and Farzad Hadaegh

Resting metabolic rate of obese patients under very low calorie ketogenic diet

The resting metabolic rate (RMR) decrease, observed after an obesity reduction therapy is a determinant of a short-time weight regain. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in RMR, and the ...

Authors: Diego Gomez-Arbelaez, Ana B. Crujeiras, Ana I. Castro, Miguel A. Martinez-Olmos, Ana Canton, Lucia Ordoñez-Mayan, Ignacio Sajoux, Cristobal Galban, Diego Bellido and Felipe F. Casanueva

Exposure to maternal cafeteria diets during the suckling period has greater effects on fat deposition and Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein-1c (SREBP-1c) gene expression in rodent offspring compared to exposure before birth

While the adverse metabolic effects of exposure to obesogenic diets during both the prenatal and early postnatal period are well established, the relative impact of exposure during these separate developmental...

Authors: M. A. Vithayathil, J. R. Gugusheff, Z. Y. Ong, S. C. Langley-Evans, R. A. Gibson and B. S. Muhlhausler

Dietary diversity and associated factors among children of Orthodox Christian mothers/caregivers during the fasting season in Dejen District, North West Ethiopia

Proper feeding practices during early childhood is fundamental for optimal child growth and development. However, scientific evidences on the determinants of dietary diversity are scanty. Particularly, the im...

Authors: Gemechu Kumera, Endalkachew Tsedal and Mulatu Ayana

Dietary canolol protects the heart against the deleterious effects induced by the association of rapeseed oil, vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 in the context of a high-fat diet

Obesity progressively leads to cardiac failure. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been shown to have cardio-protective effects in numerous pathological situations. It is not known whether rapesee...

Authors: Thibault Leger, Isabelle Hininger-Favier, Frédéric Capel, Alain Geloen, Jean-Paul Rigaudière, Chrystèle Jouve, Elodie Pitois, Gaelle Pineau, Carole Vaysse, Jean-Michel Chardigny, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Corinne Malpuech-Brugère and Luc Demaison

Prediction of Methionine and Homocysteine levels in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats as a T2DM animal model after consumption of a Methionine-rich diet

Although alterations in the methionine metabolism cycle (MMC) have been associated with vascular complications of diabetes, there have not been consistent results about the levels of methionine and homocystein...

Authors: Nayoung Han, Jung-woo Chae, Jihyun Jeon, Jaeyeon Lee, Hyun-moon Back, Byungjeong Song, Kwang-il Kwon, Sang Kyum Kim and Hwi-yeol Yun

Current therapies in alleviating liver disorders and cancers with a special focus on the potential of vitamin D

Liver dysfunction is a topic of global concern with many advancing therapies being researched. Though vitamin D takes a center place, other therapies especially nutritional are also gaining ground. Vitamin D h...

Authors: Shahida Khan, Ashraf Ali, Sarah Khan, Ahmed Bakillah, Ghazi Damanhouri, Aziz Khan, Ahmed Makki, Ibtehal AlAnsari and Naheed Banu

Curcumin and piperine supplementation of obese mice under caloric restriction modulates body fat and interleukin-1β

Dietary bioactive compounds capable of improving metabolic profiles would be of great value, especially for overweight individuals undergoing a caloric restriction (CR) regimen. Curcumin (Cur), a possible anti...

Authors: Taiki Miyazawa, Kiyotaka Nakagawa, Sharon H. Kim, Michael J. Thomas, Ligi Paul, Jean-Marc Zingg, Gregory G. Dolnikowski, Susan B. Roberts, Fumiko Kimura, Teruo Miyazawa, Angelo Azzi and Mohsen Meydani